The Potential of Tropical Agro-Industrial by-Products as a Functional Feed for Poultry
Subject Areas : Camel
اس.
سوگیهارتو
1
(Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Animal and Agricultural Science, Diponegoro University, Semarang Central Java, Indonesia)
ت.
یودیآرتی
2
(Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Animal and Agricultural Science, Diponegoro University, Semarang Central Java, Indonesia)
آی.
اسرولی
3
(Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Animal and Agricultural Science, Diponegoro University, Semarang Central Java, Indonesia)
م.
ویدیاستوتی
4
(Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Animal and Agricultural Science, Diponegoro University, Semarang Central Java, Indonesia)
Keywords: Health, poultry, agro-industrial residues, functional feed, tropical countries,
Abstract :
Following the ban of synthetic antibiotics as antimicrobial agents and growth promoters, poultry nutritionists are now trying to find antibiotic substitutes. Agro-industrial by-products are abundant in tropical countries and have been used as the alternatives to conventional feedstuffs in poultry rations. These by-products are also known to contain several bioactive compounds such as oligosaccharides, phenolic compounds, certain fatty acids, vitamins, etc. The compounds may serve as antimicrobial agents, antioxidants and immune-modulators for poultry. Owing to this, agro-industrial by-products have a potential to become functional feeds that can promote the health and well-being of poultry. The potentials of some tropical agro-industrial by-products (e.g., palm kernel meal, rice bran, cassava meal, copra meal, banana peel meal, orange peels and pulp) and their derivative products as functional feeds for poultry are elaborated in the present review, and the possible mechanisms through which agro-industrial by-products may improve the health status of poultry will also be discussed. Future studies are needed to confirm the efficacy of agro-industrial residues and their derivative products in substituting the use of synthetic antibiotics in poultry rations.
Abbasi H., Seidavi A., Liu W. and Asadpour L. (2015). Investigation on the effect of different levels of dried sweet orange (Citrus sinensis) pulp on performance, carcass characteristics and physiological and biochemical parameters in broiler chicken. Saudi J. Biol. Sci. 22, 139-146.
Abel F.A.S., Adeyemi O.A., Oluwole O.B., Oladunmoye O.O. and Ayo-Ajasa O.Y. (2015). Effects of treated banana peel meal on the feed efficiency, digestibility and cost effectiveness of broiler chickens diet. J. Vet. Sci. Anim. Husb. 3(1), 101-107.
Akbarian A., Golian A., Kermanshahi H., Farhoosh R., Raji A.R., de Smet S. and Michiels J. (2013). Growth performance and gut health parameters of finishing broilers supplemented with plant extracts and exposed to daily increased temperature. Spanish J. Agric. Res. 11, 109-119.
Alefzadeh T., Bouyeh M., van den Hoven R., Seidavi A., Laudadio V. and Tufarelli V. (2016). Effect of dietary dried orange (Citrus sinensis) peel powder and exogenous multi-enzymes on growth and carcass traits and ileal microflora of broiler chickens. Pakistan J. Zool. 48(6), 1891-1897.
Alshelmani M.I., Loha T.C., Food H.L., Sazilia A.Q. and Lau W.H. (2016). Effect of feeding different levels of palm kernel cake fermented by Paenibacillus polymyxa ATCC 842 on nutrient digestibility, intestinal morphology, and gut microflora in broiler chickens. Anim. Feed Sci. Technol. 216, 216-224.
Ao Z. and Choct M. (2013). Oligosaccharides affect performance and gut development of broiler chickens. Asian-Australasian J. Anim. Sci. 26(1), 116-121.
Blandon J.C., Hamady G.A.A. and Abdel-Moneim M.A. (2015). The effect of partial replacement of yellow corn by banana peels with and without enzymes on broiler’s performance and blood parameters. J. Anim. Poult. Sci. 4(1), 10-19.
Brambilla D., Mancuso C., Scuderi M.R., Bosco P., Cantarella G., Lempereur L., Di Benedetto G., Pezzino S. and Bernardini R. (2008). The role of antioxidant supplement in immune system, neoplastic, and neurodegenerative disorders: A point of view for an assessment of the risk/benefit profile. Nutr. J. 7, 29-35.
Callaway T.R., Carroll J.A., Arthington J.D., Pratt C., Edrington T.S., Anderson R.C., Galyean M.L., Ricke S.C., Crandall P. and Nisbet D.J. (2008). Citrus products decrease growth of E. coli 0157:H7 and Salmonella typhirmurium in pure culture and in fermentation with mixed ruminal microorganisms in vitro. Foodborne Pathog. Dis. 5(5), 621-627.
Cencic A. and Chingwaru W. (2010). The role of functional foods, nutraceuticals, and food supplements in intestinal health. Nutrients. 2, 611-625.
Chen W.L., Liang J.B., Jahromi M.F., Abdullah N., Ho Y.W. and Tufarelli V. (2015). Enzyme treatment enhances release of prebiotic oligosaccharides from palm kernel expeller. BioResources. 10(1), 196-209.
Chinajariyawong C. and Muangkeow N. (2011). Carcass yield and visceral organs of broiler chickens fed palm kernel meal or Aspergillus wentii TISTR 3075 fermented palm kernel meal. Walailak J. Sci. Technol. 8(2), 175-185.
Choi J.Y., Paik D.J., Kwon D.Y. and Park Y. (2014). Dietary supplementation with rice bran fermented with Lentinus edodes increases interferon-γ activity without causing adverse effects: A randomized, double blind, placebo controlled, parallel-group study. Nutr. J. 13, 35-41.
Ciftci M., Simsek U.G., Dalkilic B., Azman M.A., Yilmaz O., Mutlu S.I., Ozcelik M., Baykalir Y., Tonbak F. and Bahsi M. (2016). Effect of dietary orange peel extract on physiological, biochemical, and metabolic responses of Japanese quail reared under low ambient temperature. Turkish J. Vet. Anim. Sci. 40, 288-297.
Cuevas A., Saavedra N., Salazar L.A. and Abdalla D.S.P. (2013). Modulation of immune function by polyphenols: Possible contribution of epigenetic factors. Nutrients. 5, 2314-2332.
Cương D.B., Hoa N.T., Huyền L.T. and Thu D.T. (2010). Bioconversion of copra meal into prebiotic mannooligosaccharides using endo-β-1,4-mannanase producing by Aspergillus niger BK 01. J. Sci. Technol. 48(3), 43-49.
Duarte K.F., Ibuki M., Fukui K., Kato M., Santos E.T. and Junqueira O.M. (2014). Effect of hydrolyzed copra meal separately or in combination with Bacillus cereus var. toyoi on growth performance of broiler chickens. Acta Sci. Anim. Sci. 36(4), 373-377.
Duwa H., Saleh B., Lamido M. and Saidu A. (2014). Growth, haematological and serum biochemical indices of broiler chickens fed banana peel meal as replacement for maize in the semi-arid zone of Nigeria. Online J. Anim. Feed Res. 4(5), 121-126.
Ebrahimi A., Qotbi A.A.A., Seidavi A. and Bahar V. (2014). The effects of dietary supplementation of Citrus sinensis peel extract on production and quality parameters of broiler chicken. J. Appl. Anim. Res. 42(4), 445-450.
Ebrahimi A., Santini A., Alise M., Pourhossein Z., Miraalami N. and Seidavi A. (2015). Effect of dried Citrus sinensis peel on gastrointestinal microbiota and immune system traits of broiler chickens. Italian J. Anim. Sci. 14(4), 4194.
El Sohaimy S.A. (2012). Functional foods and nutraceuticals-modern approach to food science. World Appl. Sci. J. 20(5), 691-708.
Ernawita, Wahyuono R.A., Hesse J., Hipler U.C., Elsner P. and Böhm V. (2017). In vitro lipophilic antioxidant capacity, antidiabetic and antibacterial activity of citrus fruits extracts from Aceh, Indonesia. Antioxidants. 6, 1-11.
Esa N.M., Ling T.B. and Peng L.S. (2013). By-products of rice processing: An overview of health benefits and applications. J. Rice Res. 1, 107.
Fischer G., Paulino N., Marcucci M.C., Siedler B.S., Munhoz L.S., Finger P.F., Vargas G.D., Hübner S.O., Vidor T. and Roehe P.M. (2010). Green propolis phenolic compounds act as vaccine adjuvants, improving humoral and cellular responses in mice inoculated with inactivated vaccines. Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz. 105(7), 908-913.
Gallinger C.I., Suárez D.M. and Irazusta A. (2004). Effects of rice bran inclusion on performance and bone mineralization in broiler chicks. J. Appl. Poult. Res. 13, 183-190.
Ghatak S.B. and Panchal S.J. (2012). Investigation of the immunomodulatory potential of oryzanol isolated from crude rice bran oil in experimental animal models. Phytother. Res. 26, 1701-1708.
Ghosh A., Verma A.K., Tingirikari J.R., Shukla R. and Goyal A. (2015). Recovery and purification of oligosaccharides from copra meal by recombinant endo-β-mannanase and deciphering molecular mechanism involved and its role as potent therapeutic agent. Mol. Biotechnol. 57(2), 111-127.
Guil-Guerrero J.L., Ramos L., Moreno C., Zúñiga-Paredes J.C., Carlosama-Yepez M. and Ruales P. (2016). Antimicrobial activity of plant-food by-products: A review focusing on the tropics. Livest. Sci. 189, 32-49.
Hasler C.M. (2002). Functional foods: benefits, concerns and challenges-a position paper from the American council on science and health. J. Nutr. 132(12), 3772-3781.
Hatta U. and Sundu B. (2009). Effects of Copra Meal Fermented by Aspergillus niger and Trichoderma spp. on Performance of Broiler. Pp. 54 in Proc. 1st Int. Semin. Anim. Indust. Bogor Agricultural University, Bogor, Indonesia.
Henderson A.J., Kumar A., Barnett B., Dow S.W. and Ryan E.P. (2012). Consumption of rice bran increases mucosal immunoglobulin A concentrations and numbers of intestinal Lactobacillus spp. J. Med. Food. 15(5), 469-475.
Hernández-Alcántara A.M., Totosaus A. and Perez-Chabela M.L. (2016). Evaluation of agro-industrial co-products as source of bioactive compounds: fiber, antioxidants and prebiotic. AUCFT. 20(2), 3-16.
Hossain M.M., Park J.W., Nyachoti C.M. and Kim I.H. (2016). Effects of extracted rice bran supplementation on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, diarrhea score, blood profiles, and fecal microbial shedding in comparison with apramycin (antibiotic growth promoter) in weanling pigs. Canadian J. Anim. Sci. 96(4), 495-503.
Ibuki M., Fukui K., Kanatani H. and Mine Y. (2014). Anti-inflammatory effects of mannanase-hydrolyzed copra meal in a porcine model of colitis. J. Vet. Med. Sci. 76(5), 645-651.
Ibuki M., Kovacs-Nolan J., Fukui K., Kanatani H. and Mine Y. (2010). Analysis of gut immune-modulating activity of β-1,4-mannobiose using microarray and real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. Poult. Sci. 89, 1894-1904.
Ibuki M., Yamauchi K. and Fukui K. (2013). Effect of dietary mannanase-hydrolysed copra meal on growth performance and intestinal histology in broiler chickens. J. Anim. Physiol. Anim. Nutr. 98(4), 636-642.
Kang H.K. and Kim C.H. (2016). Effects of dietary supplementation with rice bran oil on the growth performance, blood parameters, and immune response of broiler chickens. J. Anim. Sci. Technol. 58, 12-19.
Kang H.K., Kim J.H., Kim C.H., Jeon I.S. and Hwangbo J. (2015). Effect of dietary supplementation with rice bran extract on the growth performance, blood parameters of broiler chickens.Pp.37-42 in Proc.20th European Symp. Poult. Nutr., Prague, Czech Republic.
Kapadia S.P., Pudakalkatti P.S. and Shivanaikar S. (2015). Detection of antimicrobial activity of banana peel (Musa paradisiaca) on Porphyromonas gingivalis and Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans: An in vitro study. Contemp. Clin. Dent. 6(4), 496-499.
Kasapidou E., Sossidou E. and Mitlianga P. (2015). Fruit and vegetable co-products as functional feed ingredients in farm animal nutrition for improved product quality. Agriculture. 5, 1020-1034.
Khempaka S., Molee W. and Guillaume M. (2009). Dried cassava pulp as an alternative feedstuff for broilers: Effect on growth performance, carcass traits, digestive organs, and nutrient digestibility. J. Appl. Poult. Res. 18, 487-493.
Khempaka S., Thongkratok R., Okrathok S. and Molee W. (2014). An evaluation of cassava pulp feedstuff fermented with A. oryzae, on growth performance, nutrient digestibility and carcass quality of broilers. J. Poult. Sci. 51, 71-79.
Khin H.S. (2004). Evaluation of solid state fermentation by Aspergillus niger to improve the nutritive value of palm kernel cake for broilers. Ph D. Thesis. University of Putra Malaysia, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia.
Kim C.H., Park S.B., Kang M.G. and Ku H. (2016). Effects of graded levels of rice bran oil on laying performance, blood parameters and egg yolk cholesterol in HyLine laying hens. Korean J. Poult. Sci. 43, 89-96.
Koh J.H., Yu K.W. and Suh H.J. (2002). Biological activities of Saccharomyces cerevisiae and fermented rice bran as feed additives. Lett. Appl. Microbiol. 35, 47-51.
Komiyama Y., Andoh A., Fujiwara D., Ohmae H., Araki Y., Fujiyama Y., Mitsuyama K. and Kanauchi O. (2011). New prebiotics from rice bran ameliorate inflammation in murine colitis models through the modulation of intestinal homeostasis and the mucosal immune system. Scandinavian J. Gastroenterol. 46(1), 40-52.
Kumar A., Henderson A., Forster G.M., Goodyear A.W., Weir T.L., Leach J.E., Dow S.W. and Ryan E.P. (2012). Dietary rice bran promotes resistance to Salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium colonization in mice. BMC Microbiol. 12, 71-78.
Kurdi P. and Hansawasdi C. (2015). Assessment of the prebiotic potential of oligosaccharide mixtures from rice bran and cassava pulp. LWT - Food Sci. Technol. 63, 1288-1293.
Martirosyan D.M. and Singh J. (2015). A new definition of functional food by FFC: What makes a new definition unique? Funct. Foods Health Dis. 5(6), 209-223.
Moset V., Piquer O., Cervera C., Fernández C.J., Hernández P. and Cerisuelo A. (2015). Ensiled citrus pulp as a byproduct feedstuff for finishing pigs: nutritional value and effects on intestinal microflora and carcass quality. Spanish J. Agric. Res. 13(3), e0607.
Mourão J.L., Pinheiro V.M., Prates J.A., Bessa R.J., Ferreira L.M., Fontes C.M. and Ponte P.I. (2008). Effect of dietary dehydrated pasture and citrus pulp on the performance and meat quality of broiler chickens. Poult. Sci. 87(4), 733-743.
Mu K.S., Kasim A.B., Ideris A. and Saad C.R. (2011). Effect of fermented rice bran, bio-converted byproducts on performance of broiler chickens. J. Anim. Vet. Adv. 10, 2990-2995.
Navidshad B., Liang J.B., Jahromi M.F., Akhlaghi A. and Abdullah N. (2015). A comparison between a yeast cell wall extract (Bio-Mos®) and palm kernel expeller as mannan-oligosac-charides sources on the performance and ileal microbial population of broiler chickens. Italian J. Anim. Sci. 14(1), 3452-3467.
Nisha S.N., Swedha A. and Rahaman J.S.N. (2013). Antibacterial activity of Citrus sinensis peel against enteric pathogens. Int. J. Pharma. Res. Bio. Sci. 2, 1-13.
Oluremi O.I.A., Mou P.M. and Adenkola A.Y. (2008). Effect of fermentation of sweet orange (Citrus sinensis) fruit peel on its maize replacement value in broiler diet. Livest. Res. Rural Dev. 20(2), 1-6.
Oluremi O.I.A., Okafor F.N., Adenkola A.Y. and Orayaga K.T. (2010). Effect of fermentation of sweet orange (Citrus sinensis) fruit peel on its phytonutrients and the performance of broiler starter. Int. J. Poult. Sci. 9(6), 546-549.
Oliveira M.C., Rodrigues E.A., Marques R.H., Gravena R.A., Guandolini G.C. and Moraes V.M.B. (2008). Performance and morphology of intestinal mucosa of broilers fed mannanoligosaccharides and enzymes. Arq. Bras. Med. Vet. Zootec. 60(2), 442-448.
Osundahunsi O.F., Williams A.O. and Oluwalana I.B. (2012). Prebiotic effects of cassava fibre as an ingredient in cracker-like products.Food Funct. 3(2), 159-163.
Pascoal L.A.F., Thomaz M.C., Watanabe P.H., dos Santos Ruiz U., Amorim A.B., Daniel E. and da Silva S.Z. (2015). Purified cellulose, soybean hulls and citrus pulp as a source of fiber for weaned piglets. Sci. Agric. 72(5), 400-410.
Pereira A. and Maraschin M. (2015). Banana (Musa spp.) from peel to pulp: Ethnopharmacology, source of bioactive compounds and its relevance for human health. J. Ethnopharmacol. 160, 149-163.
Pourhossein Z., Qotbi A.A.A. and Seidavi A. (2012). Investigation on the effect of different levels of Citrus sinensis extract on gastrointestinal microbial population in commercial broilers. African J. Microbiol. Res. 6, 6370-6378.
Pourhossein Z., Qotbi A.A.A., Seidavi A., Laudadio V., Centoducati G. and Tufarelli V. (2015). Effect of different levels of dietary sweet orange (Citrus sinensis ) peel extract on humoral immune system responses in broiler chickens. Anim. Sci. J. 86, 105-110.
Rezaei S., Jahromi M.F., Liang J.B., Zulkifli I., Farjam A.S., Laudadio V. and Tufarelli V. (2015). Effect of oligosaccharides extract from palm kernel expeller on growth performance, gut microbiota and immune response in broiler chickens. Poult. Sci. 94, 2414-2420.
Shakila S. and Sudhakar R.P. (2012). The utilization of palm kernel meal in laying hen diet. Indian J. Poult. Sci. 47, 79-83.
Sindhu A.A., Khan M.A., Mahr-Un-N. and Sarwar M. (2002). Agro-industrial by-products as a potential source of livestock feed. Int. J. Agric. Biol. 4(2), 307-310.
Siyal F.A., Wagan R., Bhutto Z.A., Tareen M.H., Arain M.A., Saeed M., Brohi S.A. and Soomro R.N. (2016). Effect of orange and banana peels on the growth performance of broilers. Adv. Anim. Vet. Sci. 4(7), 376-380.
Sohail M.U., Hume M.E., Byrd J.A., Nisbet D.J., Ijaz A., Sohail A., Shabbir M.Z. and Rehman H. (2012). Effect of supplementation of prebiotic mannan-oligosaccharides and probiotic mixture on growth performance of broilers subjected to chronic heat stress. Poult. Sci. 91, 2235-2240.
Soltan M.A. (2009). Growth performance, immune response and carcass traits of broiler chicks fed on graded levels of palm kernel cake without or with enzyme supplementation. Livest. Res. Rural Dev. 21(3), 1-7.
Sugiharto S., Yudiarti T. and Isroli I. (2015). Functional properties of filamentous fungi isolated from the Indonesian fermented dried cassava, with particular application on poultry. Mycobiology. 43(4), 415-422.
Sugiharto S., Yudiarti T. and Isroli I. (2016). Haematological and biochemical parameters of broilers fed cassava pulp fermented with filamentous fungi isolated from the Indonesian fermented dried cassava. Livest. Res. Rural Dev. 28(4), 1-9.
Sugiharto S. (2016). Role of nutraceuticals in gut health and growth performance of poultry. J. Saudi Soc. Agric. Sci. 15, 99-111.
Sugiharto S., Yudiarti T., Isroli I., Widiastuti E. and Putra F.D. (2017a). Effects of feeding cassava pulp fermented with Acremonium charticola on growth performance, nutrient digestibility and meat quality of broiler chicks. South African. J. Anim. Sci. 47(2), 130-138.
Sugiharto S., Yudiarti T., Isroli I., Widiastuti E. and Putra F.D. (2017b). Intestinal microbial ecology and hematological parameters of broiler fed cassava waste pulp fermented with Acremonium charticola. Vet. World. 10(3), 324-330.
Sundu B., Hatta U. and Chaudhry A.S. (2012). Potential use of beta-mannan from copra meal as a feed additive for broilers. World’s Poult. Sci. J. 68, 707-716.
Sundu B., Kumar A. and Dingle J. (2009). Feeding value of copra meal for broilers. World’s Poult. Sci. J. 65, 481-491.
Sundu B., Kumar A. and Dingle J. (2006). Palm kernel meal in broiler diets: effect on chicken performance and health. World’s Poult. Sci. J. 62(2), 316-325.
Supriyati T., Haryati T., Susanti T. and Susana I.W.R. (2015). Nutritional value of rice bran fermented by Bacillus amyloliquefaciens and humic substances and its utilization as a feed ingredient for broiler chickens. Asian Australian J. Anim. Sci. 28(2), 231-238.
Syngai G.G., Gopi R., Bharali R., Dey S., Lakshmanan G.M.A. and Ahmed G. (2016). Probiotics - the versatile functional food ingredients. J. Food Sci. Technol. 53(2), 921-933.
Szczesniak K.A., Ostaszewski P., Ciecierska A. and Sadkowski T. (2016). Investigation of nutriactive phytochemical-gamma-oryzanol in experimental animal models. J. Anim. Physiol. Anim. Nutr. 100, 601-617.
Ugwu S.O.C., Onyimonyi A.E. and Ozonoh C.I. (2008). Comparative performance and hematological indices of finishing broilers fed palm kernel cake, bambara and rice husk as partial replacement for maize. Int. J. Poult. Sci. 7(3), 299-303.
Wen Y.L., Yan L.P. and Chen C.S. (2013). Effects of fermentation treatment on antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of four common Chinese herbal medicinal residues by Aspergillus oryzae. J. Food Drug Anal. 21, 219-226.
Wu Y., Bai J., Zhong K., Huang Y., Qi H., Jiang Y. and Gao H. (2016). Antibacterial activity and membrane-disruptive mechanism of 3-p-trans-coumaroyl-2-hydroxyquinic acid, a novel phenolic compound from pine needles of Cedrus deodara, against Staphylococcus aureus. Molecules. 21, 1084-1092.
Yusrizal Y., Angel R., Adrizal A., Wanto B.E., Fakhri S. and Yatno Y. (2013). Feeding native laying hens diets containing palm kernel meal with or without enzyme supplementations. 2. Excreta nitrogen, ammonia, and microbial counts. J. Appl. Poult. Res. 22, 269-278.
Zheng L., Duarte M.E., Park I. and Kim S.W. (2017). Supplemental effects of fermented rice bran extracts on growth performance, bone characteristics, and immune response of broiler chickens. J. Anim. Sci. 95(2), 75-76.
Zhang P., Wampler J.L., Bhunia A.K., Burkholder K.M., Patterson J.A. and Whistler R.L. (2004). Effects of arabinoxylans on activation of murine macrophages and growth performance of broiler chicks. Cereal Chem. 60, 46-50.
Zolali E., Asgharian P., Hamishehkar H., Kouhsoltani M., Khodaii H. and Hamishehkar H. (2015). Effects of gamma oryzanol on factors of oxidative stress and sepsis induced lung injury in experimental animal model. Iran J. Basic Med. Sci. 18(12), 1257-1263.
Zulkifli I., Ginsos J., Liew P.K. and Gilbert J. (2003). Growth performance and Newcastle disease antibody titres of broiler chickens fed palm-based diets and their response to heat stress during fasting. Archiv für Geflügelkunde. 67(3), 125-130.